Before the meeting began, Mr Medvedev presented his Cypriot colleague with historic documents on the Soviet Union’s recognition of the Republic of Cyprus.
The two Presidents discussed prospects for developing bilateral relations and international cooperation.
The two Presidents signed a Joint Declaration on further strengthening the friendship and all-round cooperation between the two countries following their talks.
A number of bilateral cooperation agreements were signed in the presence of the two Presidents. The ceremony took place in the Grand Kremlin Palace.
Mr Medvedev and Mr Christofias made press statements following their meeting. Mr Medvedev presented his Cypriot colleague with a recording of the Formula of Power television programme episode devoted to Mr Christofias.
Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the USSR were established on August 18, 1960, two days after Cyprus became an independent republic.